|
|
Glycopeptide resistance in staphylococci
Rozsypálková, Adéla ; Tkadlec, Jan (advisor) ; Balíková Novotná, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the mechanism of the resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in a genus Staphylococcus, especially in a species Staphylococcus aureus which is common cause of nosocomial infections resulting frequently in expensive and long-term treatment. This pathogen is dangerous due to its ability to acquire resistance to most antibiotics used in a clinical practice. The resistance of these microorganisms can develop very easily due to inappropriate treatment (administration, drug concentration, duration), which, if not detected, could ultimately results in treatment failure and the death of the patient. The vancomycin resistance of S. aureus could be divide into groups according to their values of vancomycin MIC: VSSA, VISA, hVISA and VRSA. Vancomycin intermediate resistance is associated with mutation, e.g., which affect cell wall synthesis. In contrast, VRSA is associated with the transfer of the mobile genetic element with the vanA or vanB operon from genus Enterococcus. This transmission is due to co-infection with both pathogens. Glycopeptide resistance has also been shown to be very common in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), such as S. capitis, which cause infection in preterm infants. Glycopeptide resistance in CNS and intermediate resistance of S. aureus is...
|
guest ::
